International Journal of Health Sciences

Cardiac and Vascular Surgery Associated Acute Kidney Injury: Findings from a High Dependency Heart and Vascular Surgical Centre in Nigeria. A Six-Year Retrospective Cohort Study
Peter Kehinde Uduagbamen; Michael Sanusi; Olumide Baz Udom

Abstract
Introduction: Cardiac and vascular surgery associated acute kidney injury (CVS-AKI) which is more widely reported in developed nations compared to low income nations (LINs) particularly in sub-Sahara Africa, is a preventable condition that worsens the health burden, morbidity and mortality rates in these nations. A deeper knowledge of its determinants and correlates could help lessen the health burden. Methods: A retrospective study of cardiac and vascular surgeries carried out in Nigeria, in which .socio-demographics, results of investigations conducted at pre-induction and, 24 hours, 7 days and 30 days post-surgery were analyzed. Results: 190 males and 121 females participated with a mean age of 56.9 ± 5.3 years. The incidence of CVS-AKI was 28.3%. The risk of CVS-AKI was higher in females (P=0.01), elderly (P<0.001), background kidney dysfunction (P<0.001), pre-operative sepsis (P=0.001) and comorbidities (P=0.001). 39.8% of the participants with CVS-AKI received dialysis treatment. . Recovering from AKI was complete in 84.1%. Aging, female gender and background kidney dysfunction predicted non-recovering. Conclusion: There is a high incidence of CVS-AKI,its common risk factors included background kidney dysfunction, sepsis and comorbidities. Non-recovery from CVS- AKI was more likely in the elderly, females and in AKI stage 3 hence there is the need to optimize kidney function prior to surgery.

Full Text: PDF     DOI: 10.15640/ijhs.v9n4a4